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Conditionals

Instructions: None
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Conditionals

Theory:

A conditional sentence has 2 parts, the condition and the consequence:

If you study, you will pass your exam.

Here, the condition is STUDY, shown by the word IF, and the consequence is PASS YOUR EXAM.


There are several types of conditional sentences, but our interest here is how they are tested in the FCE sentence transformations:


There is a connection between the words IF, UNLESS and BECAUSE.

IF you study, you will pass your exam.

You will not pass your exam UNLESS you study.

You will pass your exam BECAUSE you studied.

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TYPICAL FCE SENTENCE TRANSFORMATIONS USING CONDITIONALS


  • ON
  • ARRIVED
  • TIME
  • HAD

Roberto arrived late this morning because his train was delayed.

TIME

If the train (1) Roberto would not have arrived late this morning.


  • HAVE
  • UP
  • WOULD
  • TURNED
  • ON

I arrived late because I missed the 10.30 train.

TURNED

If I'd caught the 10.30 train, I (2) time.


  • ANGRY
  • IF
  • BE
  • HE
  • HAD

He's angry because he broke his phone.

ANGRY

He wouldn't (3) not broken his phone.


  • YOU
  • TRY
  • YOU
  • HELP
  • IF

I won't help you unless you try harder.

TRY

I will only (4) harder.


  • KEYS
  • HAD
  • SHE
  • MY
  • IF

I couldn't have found my keys without her help.

KEYS

I couldn't have found (5) not helped me.


  • INVITED
  • SHE
  • YOU
  • HAVE
  • IF

She invited you because she thought you wanted to go.

IF

She wouldn't (6) thought you didn't want to go.


  • THE
  • IF
  • HAD
  • JOB
  • I

I didn't get the job because I don't have a degree.

JOB

I think I would have got (7) a degree.


  • YOU
  • LOOK
  • WOULD
  • WERE
  • I

You should look after your things better.

WOULD

If I (8) after my things better.


  • STUDIED
  • MIGHT
  • YOU
  • HAD
  • NOT

You didn't study so I'm not surprised you failed.

MIGHT

If you (9) have failed.


  • IF
  • PROMISE
  • BICYCLE
  • TO
  • YOU

You can use my bicycle as long as you promise to look after it.

PROMISE

I'll let you use my (10) look after it.