Using clauses and phrases to construct advanced sentences

The most widely used complex sentences for writing purposes are the following:

- Conditional

- Concession and refutation

- Those using participle clauses

And these are created by the use of ADVERBIAL CLAUSES, of which there are several types:

time

condition

  if

  unless

  providing that

  as long as

contrast

cause and effect

participle clauses

  present participle

  past participle

  perfect participle

concession

refutation

Let's look at an example for each.

Time:

Before going to bed, please turn off the television.(time clause)

Condition - if:

If you want to pass, you must study.(conditional clause)

Condition - unless:

Unless you have an invitation, you can't come to the party.(conditional clause)

Condition - providing that:

You can go to the party providing that you have an invitation.(conditional clause)

Condition - as long as:

You can go to the party as long as you have an invitation.(conditional clause)

Contrast:

Although I have a degree, I can't get a job.(contrast clause)

Cause and effect:

I was late for work, so I was fired.(effect clause)

I was fired because I was late for work.(cause clause)

Participle clauses - present participle:

Whistling, he left for work.(present participle clause)

Participle clauses - past participle:

Given a toy, the boy started playing.(past participle clause)

Participle clauses - perfect participle:

Having finished her work, Maria went home.(perfect participle clause)

Concession and refutation:

While you make a good point, I am sure I am right.(concession clause)

While you make a good point, I am sure I am right.(refutation clause)

Relative clauses - Defining:

My brother who lives in Spain is a dentist.(defining relative clause)

Relative clauses - Non defining:

My brother, who is a dentist, lives in Spain. (non defining relative clause)